QUESTIONS E VOCABULÁRIO TEMÁTICO

Climate Challenges

Climate change, which affects every country worldwide, is one of today's most urgent challenges. The cities and their industries produce the most pollution and must find cleaner solutions. Renewable energy sources, which include solar and wind power, are becoming more affordable.

In many cities, the air quality is poor, so they are investing in green spaces. Electric vehicles, which produce zero emissions, could replace traditional cars. However, people living in developing nations often suffer most from environmental problems that wealthier countries create.

Young activists are demanding immediate action, and their voices are growing louder. Simple changes that we make daily, like recycling, can help.

01- De acordo com o texto, quais atitudes podem ajudar a reduzir os impactos das mudanças climáticas e qual o papel das pessoas nesse processo?

O texto mostra que pequenas ações individuais, como reciclar e usar transporte menos poluente, ajudam no combate às mudanças climáticas. Além disso, o uso de energias renováveis e a criação de áreas verdes melhoram o meio ambiente. Cada pessoa pode contribuir adotando hábitos sustentáveis e cobrando medidas dos governos e empresas.

Causes and Effects of Climate Change

Climate change, which is caused mainly by human activities, is transforming our planet. The greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere come mostly from burning fossil fuels. Rising temperatures, which affect weather patterns worldwide, are making storms stronger and droughts longer.

Many species that cannot adapt quickly enough face extinction. Coral reefs, which are home to 25% of marine life, are especially vulnerable. The people who contribute least to this problem often suffer the most - like farmers whose crops fail due to changing rainfall patterns.

Simple actions that we can all take, like using less plastic, make a difference. Our generation, which will experience worsening effects, must act now. The future that we leave for coming generations depends on today's choices.

02-Quais são as principais causas e consequências das mudanças climáticas mencionadas no texto?

O texto explica que as mudanças climáticas são causadas principalmente pela queima de combustíveis fósseis, que libera gases do efeito estufa. As consequências incluem o aumento das temperaturas, tempestades mais fortes, secas prolongadas e a extinção de espécies. O autor alerta que as ações humanas de hoje definirão o futuro do planeta.

Pollution

Pollution happens when harmful substances damage our environment. There are three main types: air, water, and land pollution. Factories and cars release toxic gases into the air we breathe, while plastic waste often ends up in oceans, harming marine life. On land, chemicals from trash can poison soil for years.

The consequences affect everyone. Polluted air causes health problems, dirty water makes people sick, and contaminated land grows less food. However, solutions exist. Using renewable energy reduces air pollution, recycling helps with waste, and clean-up projects restore damaged areas.

Teens can make a difference too. Simple actions like using reusable bottles, biking instead of driving, and joining local clean-ups all help. Remember – protecting our planet starts with small, everyday choices that add up to big changes.

03-De que forma a poluição afeta o meio ambiente e a saúde humana, e o que pode ser feito para reduzir seus efeitos?

A poluição prejudica o ar, a água e o solo, causando doenças e afetando os ecossistemas. O texto mostra que soluções simples, como reciclar, usar energia renovável e participar de mutirões de limpeza, podem diminuir os danos. Cuidar do planeta depende de pequenas atitudes diárias.

Overpopulation and Sustainability

Overpopulation occurs when there are too many people using limited resources. As the global population grows, we face serious challenges like food shortages, deforestation, and water scarcity. Cities become overcrowded while wildlife habitats are lost.

The problem affects sustainability – our ability to meet current needs without harming future generations. More people mean more pollution, energy use, and waste. However, solutions exist through better planning and technology.

Education plays a key role. Everyone should understand and have access to family planning to help control population growth and improve lives. Sustainable farming can feed more people using less land. Renewable energy reduces our environmental impact. Teens can help by making eco-friendly choices: saving energy, reducing waste and supporting conservation. Small actions matter when billions do them.

04- Como a superpopulação está relacionada à sustentabilidade e quais soluções o texto apresenta para enfrentar esse problema?

A poluição prejudica o ar, a água e o solo, causando doenças e afetando os ecossistemas. O texto mostra que soluções simples, como reciclar, usar energia renovável e participar de mutirões de limpeza, podem diminuir os danos. Cuidar do planeta depende de pequenas atitudes diárias.

Palavras a conhecer:

v affects – afeta

v renewable energy sources – fontes de energia renovável

v affordable – acessível

v green spaces – áreas verdes

v emissions – emissões

v developing nations – países em desenvolvimento

v wealthier countries – países mais ricos

v activists – ativistas

v greenhouse gases – gases do efeito estufa

v trap heat – reter calor

v fossil fuels – combustíveis fósseis

v droughts – secas

v extinction – extinção

v vulnerable – vulnerável

v rainfall patterns – padrões de chuva

v worsening effects – efeitos que estão piorando

v pollution → poluição

v environment → meio ambiente

v toxic → tóxico

v marine → marinho

v chemicals → químicos

v consequences → consequências

v energy → energia

v recycle / recycling → reciclar / reciclagem

v projects → projetos

v local → local

v food shortages – escassez de alimentos

v water scarcity – falta de água

v overcrowded cities – cidades superlotadas

v habitats – habitats

v sustainability – sustentabilidade

v family planning – planejamento familiar

v eco-friendly – ecológico, ambientalmente correto

conservation – preservação do meio ambiente

Palavras cognatas:

• overpopulation → superpopulação

• resources → recursos

• population → população

• challenges → desafios

• deforestation → desmatamento

• technology → tecnologia

• education → educação

• conservation → conservação

• energy → energia

• sustainable → sustentável